![]() ![]() ( 2006) found that the resistance of the pests occurred due to the inhibition of penetration of toxic substances into the body. Yu and Huang ( 2000) showed that resistance in Blattella germanica involves the increasing glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and the increasing activities of hydrolase and acetylcholinesterase. The resistance mechanism of insects to insecticidal compounds can be explained by various mechanisms, including biochemical, physiological, and biomolecular mechanism. exigua from several locations in East Java and Central Java was resistant to methoxyphenozides. exigua is claimed to be resistant to several types of insecticides such as chlorfluazuron (Negara 2005), spinosad, chlorpyrifos, trizophos, methomyl, betasiflutrin, siromazin, carbosufan, thiodikarb, and abamectin (Moekasan and Dan 2007). One of the pests Spodoptera exigua has been reported resistant to various insecticide including tebufenozide, metaflumizone, and chlorpyrifos (Jia et al. However, an excessive application of the insecticides can cause various adverse effects, including pest resistance. It is common when farmers use synthetic insecticides to overcome the invasion of pests. A novel mechanism for insecticide resistance by insect was proposed. exigua from Brebes and Cipanas samples is sensitive to the insecticide with the RR value less than 1 therefore, this biopesticide has the opportunity to manage resistant pests. In addition, the results of neem oil insecticides test showed that S. exigua resistance mechanism for both samples. However, the esterase has fewer roles in the S. The results of the present study indicate that the insensitivity of the AChE and the high activity of the GST play a significant role in the mechanism of S. exigua samples from Brebes and Cipanas had a resistance ratio (RR) of 5.50 and 3.26, respectively. exigua were also tested for their sensitivity to neem oil insecticides. exigua was correlated with the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), esterase, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes. The resistance assay was carried out on chlorpyrifos by determining the level of resistance by the comparison of LC50 between the field samples and the standard samples. exigua to chlorpyrifos and determine the possible mechanism of resistance to S. The aim of this study is to test resistance of S. ![]() ![]() The uncontrolled and excessive use of insecticides on Spodoptera exigua can cause resistance. ![]()
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